علوم رایانش و فناوری اطلاعات

مروری بر مشارکت مراکز داده توزیع شده در برنامه های پاسخ تقاضای شبکه هوشمند برق

نویسندگان

دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

با افزایش روزافزون استفاده از خدمات رایانش ابری و سرویس‌های اینترنت، ارائه‌دهندگان این سرویس‌ها ترغیب می‌شوند تا مراکز داده بزرگتر و به تعداد بیشتر ایجاد نمایند. در سال‌های اخیر، میزان انرژی مصرفی این مراکز به طور چشمگیری افزایش یافته است که تاثیرات قابل توجهی نیز بر کارایی شبکه برق دارد. پاسخ تقاضای مراکز داده یکی از راه‌حل‌های موثر به منظور تشویق اپراتورهای مراکز داده برای تطبیق میزان مصرفشان با شرایط شبکه است. مشارکت موثر مراکز داده نه تنها می‌تواند بر کارایی شبکه برق تاثیر بگذارد، بلکه سبب کاهش هزینه‌های برق مصرفی سرویس‌دهندگان خواهد شد. اپراتورهای مراکز داده نه تنها امکان شیفت زمانی بارهای کاری خود را دارند، بلکه با بهره‌گیری از مراکز داده توزیع‌شده و همچنین از طریق همکاری با یکدیگر در قالب اتحادیه‌ها می‌توانند بارهای کاری خود را بصورت مکانی مهاجرت داده، تا از مزایای فراهم شده توسط برنامه‌های پاسخ تقاضای وابسته به مکان نیز بهره‌مند شوند. در این راستا، پژوهشگران راهکارهای گوناگونی را برای بهره‌گیری از انعطاف مراکز داده توزیع‌شده به منظور بهبود مشارکت آن‌ها در برنامه‌های پاسخ تقاضا ارائه کرده‌اند. این مقاله به مرور و دسته‌بندی این روش‌ها می‌پردازد. در این راستا، در ابتدا، پیش‌زمینه‌ای در مورد مفاهیمی همچون شبکه هوشمند برق، برنامه-های پاسخ تقاضا، تعامل مراکز داده با شبکه و اتحادیه‌های ابری بیان شده است. در ادامه به مرور و دسته‌بندی پژوهش‌های انجام شده در حوزه مورد بحث پرداخته شده است. در پایان نیز کاستی‌ها و مسیر  پیش روی این حوزه بیان شده است.

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علوم رایانش و فناوری اطلاعات
دوره 18، شماره 2
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